helium nucleus的意思|示意

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Helium nucleus, also known as alpha particle, is a subatomic particle composed of two protons and two neutrons bound together. It is released from the nuclei of heavy radioactive elements during radioactive decay.

The helium nucleus is the most common form of alpha particle radiation, which is a type of ionizing radiation. It has higher ionization potential than beta radiation but lower penetration and range than gamma radiation. Alpha particles are highly effective at ionizing atoms and molecules, and can cause damage to living cells upon exposure.

Alpha particles are produced naturally by the radioactive decay of certain heavy elements, such as uranium and thorium. They are also released during nuclear fission and fusion reactions. Alpha particles can be used in nuclear reactor fuel rods to slow down the fission process and manufacture medical isotopes for use in diagnostics and therapy.

In particle colliders, helium nuclei are used to study the properties of different subatomic particles. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN uses beams of helium nuclei at high energies to search for new particles and study the properties of existing particles.

In astronomy, helium nuclei interact with interstellar dust and gas, producing gamma-ray bursts that can be detected with special instruments. These gamma-ray bursts are thought to be produced by the annihilation of matter and antimatter particles.